Pasvalys
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Pasvalys, Panevezys uezd, Kaunas gubernia, Latitude: 56º04' Longitude:
24º24', now in Lithuania (near the Latvian border ) Also known as Posvel, and Posvohl Jewishgen page; http://www.jewishgen.org/Litvak/shtetls/spasvalyspk.htm |
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Devastation of the Jews from Posvol and nearby shtetlach (Yanishkel, Vashki, Linkuva, Salat, Vabolnik) by B. Reinus in Lite Translated by Dr. Sonia Kovitz As yet isolated arrests (Chane Akhbar, Meir Binder, Yankl Milman) took place on the morning of June 27, 1941 when the Germans marched into Posvol. A week later (July 4) the arrests of hundreds of shtetl Jews began. Some of the captured Jews were imprisoned in jail and some in a shop for selling rye that belonged to Yoel Farber. One night two policemen (Lithuanian partisans) and two Germans came and demanded that young Jewish girls be handed over to them. By means of a large bribe this calamity for Jewish children was narrowly averted. A few days later the arrested Jews were taken in two transports to the jail in Shavl. Some of the women were freed and of these the majority returned to Posvol, where they were later murdered. Of the women who remained in Shavl a small number were ultimately saved. Around July 15 the [people in the] Posvol ghetto were shot. The area of the ghetto included half of Birzer Street up to Leib Milner (Balishker's) house and all of Polevener Street. One day the virsheitis [town-elder] Maldutis came to the ghetto and announced that anyone giving gold and money would be sent to a camp from Popovesse to work. The few who believed in this speech had their money and jewelry taken by the bandits and then were brought back to the ghetto. For the short time that the Posvol ghetto existed, people ate food distributed by a ghetto-cooperative managed by the local rabbi, Rav Yitzhok Agulnik. A few weeks before the liquidation of the Posvol ghetto, Jews from various surrounding shtetlach were sent there. Among the persons from Yonishkel were the Todes sisters, Dr. Lichtnshtein, the Asch family (the husband was shot in Yanishkel), Moshe-Aharon Zlot, Reuven Zlot's daughter-in-law, and others. The Yonishkelers reported the khurbn [destruction] in Linkuva, which was among the first of the kehillot [Jewish communities] to be slaughtered. Immediately in the first days of the German occupation, the Linkuva partisans with the police chief Petreitis incharge locked up Jewish males in a stable. Some of them were shot and the rest were transported to Shavl. Also the wives and children of the men who were shot were murdered, later in a camp behind Linkuva. One of the Linkuva partisan-leaders, Pavilis Ratshis, was later “promoted” to the office of “Plenipotientiary for Jewish Affairs” in the Shavl ghetto. He caused grave difficulties for several Linkuva Jews who were in the Shavl ghetto, and denounced Barkum, Girsh and Blumenson as Communists. They were temporarily saved by this calumny but later they were murdered. Among the murdered from Pumpian were: Chana Kramer (“The Innkeeper”) and her family, Ester Milner, the Segal family and others. Among the persons transported together from Vashki were: the family of Shmuel Katz, Hirsh Katz, Dorfan Trapide, Motl Galin, Tose (Dovid Balsher's aged mother-in-law), Chaim-Shloime (the Vashki shammas) and others. From the arrested Jews of Salat the names of the following Jews are remembered: Avraham Chait, Chaim Shvidgal, Motl Lurie, Ida Chait, B. Volpe, Musnson, Novishets – all with their families. Among those brought from Vabolnik were: Chaim Kruk, Ben-Tsion Davimos, Abba Stolier, the Levin brothers – all with their families and other Jews. A bizarre occurrence took place among the Jews from Vabolnik – certainly not for the first time in Lita: over 40 Jews from Vabolnik converted to Christianity in hopes of saving themselves in this manner from the hands of the German-Lithuanian butchers. The Jews who decided on this terrible step in order to save their families deliberated long and painfully. They tried to find a protector among Rambam (Maimonides) and other brilliant scholars, and tried to reason with each other that they were only going to change their faith for appearances' sake “until this passes” and then they would become Jews again. They rummaged around in the history of the marranos and asked each other: aren't we marranos no less than our fellow Jews of former times in Spain? And with a bitter spirit they set out on the bitter path of apparent conversion. Here it should be noted that the priest from Vabolnik who administered baptism to these Jews knew very well that the conversion was only temporary. He himself emphasized to the Jews that he wanted not to “capture any souls” but was only counseling them for conversion in order thus to save them from death. The converted Jews were taken to Posvol along with the other Jews from Vabolnik. For a period of time they were held separately and thought that their conversion would perhaps save their lives. At the last moment, however, they were driven out with the other Jews to the slaughter. On August 27 the Jews from the ghetto were ordered to assemble in the bes medresh (which was located outside the boundaries of the ghetto). A sham order was given that they were being taken to work and had to bring all their things along with them. Later the men were separated from the women and children, who were taken away to the Lithuanian school on Vilner Street. On that same day the martyrs were taken into a grove of [… trees] four kilometers from Posvol. The Lithuanian partisans carried out the slaughter under the direction of the Germans, who stood nearby. At the last moment the following managed to escape death: Anna Maras (now in Vilna), Tana Balan and Tsippa Davidovitch (both now in Posvol) and both the Todes sisters from Yanishkel (now in New York). Here it is worth mentioning an interesting fact on whether or not the Posvol Lithuanian city government officially took part in exterminating the Jews of the Posvol ghetto. They debated and discussed the matter exactly as if it concerned paving a little bit of street with cobblestones or handling dog license fees – and they decided, yes, murder them all! The names of the following Lithuanian hooligans who especially “excelled” in violent deeds should be recorded for future generations and also perhaps for revenge. Petras Bieluskas and Veitkus (a shoemaker) came to loot the home of Leib Aizykovitch and killed his wife Beila Gitta. Strazdas Yuazas (a tailor) and Metskus beat people to death on the transports to Shavl. Ignats Ogentas, Gudas Leonas, Antanas Birkuskas, Yanas Vilimas, Visatskis and others inflicted atrocious tortures on Jews. They and still others killed approximately 1600 Jews from the beautiful communities of Posvol and approximately 300 dear Jews (many of them shot on the spot) from the surrounding shtetlach mentioned above. Among the small number of Lithuanians in the region who risked their life and saved Jews is Baniolis. He hid three Jewish girls for three years in a stable and provided them with food. His name should be recited with honor. |
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Pasvalys from the net; A town in the north of Lithuania at the confluence of Levuo and Svalia rivers. It is the centre of an administrative district with a population of 9.700. Historically Pasvalys is known since the end of the 15th century, when in 1497 a privilege allowing construction of a town was issued. In 1557 three treaties signed in Pasvalys by the Grand Lithuanian Duchy and the Livonian Order exerted a positive influence on the development of the township. The district has a local spa, namely the Valley of the Levuo river, with is rich in springs of sulphate mineral water. 1962 saw the establishment of a balneological clinic there. The town is located on an area rich in thick layers of gypsum. It happens sometimes that water washes out part of such gypsum layers and pits, of up to 3 - 5 hectares appear making up small lakes. PASVALYS REGION extends in the middle Lithuania lowland which is a part of large Ziemgala lowland. First settlements of the region are mentioned in the 13 th century. Area of Pasvalys district is 1289 sq. km., population – 37,2 thousand, 11 country – side districts. There are seven parks preserved by the state. The largest of them are Joniskelis park and a young one – Pasvalys park which has some ensembles of wooden sculptures and a large sports complex. On the eastern outskirts of the town there is a Kryziu Slenis (Valley of Crosses). Much attention in the region is paid to agriculture. It was back in 1810 that a school with the teaching of agronomy rudiments was established. There is a centre of scientific research – Joniskelis experiment station, also Agricultural crops sorts research station in Staciunai. There is a Joniskelis special agricultural school. LANDSCAPE. The surface here was scraped off and evened by the movement A glacier mass of some two km thickness moved with pauses of 200-300 Caves. At the ground of that huge lake – almost like a sea – layers Dolomite exposure. One of famous geological monuments of this region Rivers. Two still plain rivers run through the region – Musa and PASVALYS is the centre of the district. Pasvalys City makes up 680 Founded in 1497, Pasvalys Town lies at the confluence of Levuo and The old Pasvalys is a formerly wooden thatch-roofed township, The Catholic St.John Church was rebuilt several times, although the Monuments In the town. Dedicated to Vileisis, famous railway and Business. The Municipality focuses on agriculture, and indicates dairy Relations. The Municipality maintains relations with the Commune of WHERE TO STAY Hotel PAS RIMA Motel PAKELES NAMAI, Balsiai Watter- Mill, tel. 370 451 50345. WHERE TO EAT Cafe Svaja, Vytauto Didziojo a., LT – 5250 Pasvalys, ph. 370 451 Cafe Pas Dziuga, PalevenÄ—s g. 7, LT – 5250 Pasvalys. WHAT TO SEE Nature spots SKALIU KLANAS (dolomite exposure), JoniskÄ—lio sen, Stipinų village, The Museum of History in the Secondary school of P.Vileisis and Art The monument to Lithuanian writer G.Petkevicaite-Bite The Land Museum and Art Gallery in the Secondary School. Balsiai Water-Mill, near Skeriai village, Pasvalys reg. tel. 370451 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MUSEUMS Pasvalys Land Museum. P. Avizonio st. 6, Pasvalys, Llithuania Zalgirio st. 42, Krincinas, Pasvalys district Traditional Events`2001 in Pasvalys Region Municipality of Pasvalys Region Police Commisariat of Pasvalys Region The Post of Pasvalys Region SaloÄ?iai border crossing point Pasvalys Hospital Lietuvos taupomasis bankas -Pasvalys branch of Lithuanian Taupomasis LŽŪB - Pasvalys branch of Lithuanian Agriculture Bank Snoras - Bank Snoras Vilniaus bankas - Birzai branch of Vilnius Bank Lietuvos Draudimas - insurance company Lindra - insurance company, operated by PanevÄ—zys branch Preventa- insurance company -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pasvalys Tourist Information Centre Tourist Information Centre of the Pasvalys Land Museum |
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From: Eli Goldstein <eligold@virtual-ventures.co.za> Date: Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 7:42 AM Subject: [safrica] Pasvalys/ Poswohl on 101.9 ChaiFM T Tomorrow night - Saturday 7th February, on the radio show "The Yiddish Thing - Life in the Shtetl" I will be dealing with two major topics: 1) An interview with Veronica Belling re her latest book on Yiddish Theatre in South Africa 2) An interview with Dr Isaac Abramowitz who was born in Poswohl and his son David who has visited there. Listeners outside the Johannesburg covergae area of 101.9FM can hear the show through audio-streaming on the website www.chaifm.com e-Mails to info@chaifm.com Eli Goldstein |
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Pasvalys Family Trees The Tuch Family from Pasval, Lithuania; |
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