Raseiniai
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Raseiniai ; Samogitian: Rasein?, Polish: Rosienie is a city in Lithuania. It is located on the south eastern foothills of the Samogitians highland, some 5 km (3.1 mi) north from the Kaunas–Klaip?da highway.Coordinates: 55°22′N 23°7′E. Raseiniai was mentioned for the first time in 1253. |
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International Jewish Cemetery Project Alternate names: Raseiniai [Lith], Rasayn [Yid], Rossieny [Rus], Raseinen [Ger], Rosienie [Pol], Rasei?i [Latv], Rasein, Raseyn, Raseinai, Rasseyn, Resein, Rossein, Russian: ????????. ??????-Yiddish. 55°22' N, 23°07' E, 45 miles NW of Kaunas (Kovno), 40 miles SSW of Šiauliai (Shavl), in SE foothills of the Samogitians highland on the banks of the Dubiseh river, 3.1 mi N of the Kaunas-Klaip?da highway. Yizkor: Yahadut Lita (vol. 3) (Tel Aviv, 1967) and Lite (vol. 1) (New York, 1951). Dating from the 13th century and later with a population of 12,000 residents (second only to Kovno) but completion of the Libove-Romner railroad brought the new town of Shavl to prominence. The town was a Haskalah movement center. In 1842, the city had 7,455 inhabitants, the majority of whom were Jews. 1866 population was 10,579, of whom 8,290 were Jewish. 1897 district population (excluding the town) was 221,731, of whom about 17,000 were Jewish. Raseyn, lacking a railroad connection or highway, went downhill until just before WWI. During most of WWI, the German army occupied the town. Its mostly wooden houses, old and small, survived WWI battles fought eighty km from the town. After WWI, streets were paved and wide cement sidewalks and new houses were built. Although prior to 1914, two-thirds of the 6,000 residents were Jewish, afterward, the proportion reversed. The economy thrived during WWI, but returned to minimal afterward causing many to emigrate to America, Mexico, and South Africa. Shoemakers, tailors, carpenters and bricklayers from the Lithuanian villages settled in town leaving egg-exporters, lumber traders, and grain and flax merchants without income. An old-age home of the former Jewish community, a bikur kholim, and a library were created prior to WWI. In 1918, Raseiniai became a district capital of the Republic of Lithuania. By 1926, 2,226 Jews remained in Raseiniai and approximately 2,000 (40%) in 1939. During World War II, Raseiniai was ruined; about 90% of the buildings were destroyed. 254 Jews were murdered on July 29, 1941 in Raseiniai by a detachment of Einsatzkommando 3, assisted by a Lithuanian Kommando group. [March 2009] |
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#OnThisDay July 29, 1941 in Raseiniai, Lithuania, the first shooting of Jews and several communists took place. Several hundred Jewish men were shot 5 km from town, in mass graves that had been dug by locals. |
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