KROCHMAL Family
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KROCHMAL, CHAYIM:   

By : Solomon Schechter   Moses Löb Bamberger  

Polish Talmudist; born 1626; died 1666 at Cracow; son-in-law of Abraham Chemiesch. He was for many years preacher ("darshan") in the different synagogues of Cracow. By his contemporaries Krochmal was considered an able scholar; and the one work of his which has been preserved, "Me?or ?ayyim," or, as some designate it (e.g., Fürst), "Rishon Me?or ?ayyim," "testifies to his profound and methodical scholarship. This book, which was published (Fürth, 1696) by his grandson Jehiel Krochmal, contains elucidations of the Midrash to the five Megillot and of the Prophets, with the exception of Joel, Nahum, Zephaniah, and Haggai. Two other works of Krochmal's remained unpublished.

Bibliography: Introduction to Rishon Me?or ?ayyim;
Benjacob, O?ar ha-Sefarim, p. 367;
Friedberg, Lu?ot Zikkaron, 2d ed., p. 28, Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1904;
Fürst, Bibl. Jud. ii. 210;
Michael, Or ha-?ayyim, p. 411.S. S. M. L. B.

KROCHMAL, MENAHEM MENDEL BEN ABRAHAM:   

By : Gotthard Deutsch   Bernhard Friedberg  

Moravian rabbi; born at Cracow about 1600; died at Nikolsburg Jan. 2, 1661. His teacher in the Talmud was Joel Sirkes, author of "Bet ?adash." Krochmal soon distinguished himself so highly that with the permission of his master he was able to open a yeshibah, which sent forth scholars like Gershon Ashkenazi (afterward his son-in-law), and Mendel Auerbach, author of "'A?eret Ze?enim." The Jews of Cracow, in appreciation of his learning, made Krochmal dayyan.About 1636 Krochmal left his native city and went to Moravia. He was appointed rabbi of Kremsir, where he also founded a yeshibah. In 1645 he returned to Cracow; in the following year he became rabbi of Prossnitz; and in 1650 he accepted a call to the district rabbinate of Nikolsburg.Krochmal's son Aryeh Löb, who followed him in the rabbinate at Nikolsburg, published from his father's manuscripts the collection of responsa "?ema? ?ede?," Amsterdam, 1775.

Bibliography: Landshuth, 'Ammude ha-'Abodah, p. 187;
Horodetzky, in Ha-Goren, ii. 32;
Dembitzer, Kelilat Yofi, ii. 143b;
Frankl-Grün, Gesch. der Juden in Kremsier, i. 89;
Kaufmann Gedenkbuch, p. 373.D. B. Fr.